As host Pete Tseronis says in this episode, “modernization” is a loosely-used term. As true as that is, however, modernization remains a necessity and a high priority for federal agencies. Legacy systems still run major, mission-critical functions even as they age and the number of people in the workforce able to program and maintain them dwindles.

Federal agency veterans Bob Barr (former Assistant Commissioner, IRS) and Sandy Bushue (former Deputy Administrator and Acting Administrator, Federal Transit Administration), draw on their own experiences to explain why modernization is such a challenge and how agency leaders can approach it successfully.